In the last two decades, the growth in rail passenger transport demand imposed the development of a new technology for a new type of rail transport that significantly reduces travel time. Therefore, the need to carry more passengers has become critical, and in this context the new challenges imposed on technology contributed to the development of the latest generation of trains: high speed trains.
The technology used for the design and manufacture of trains contributed to an increase in travel speed, reliability, resistance in extreme weather conditions, reduction of energy consumption, elements that separate high speed trains from conventional trains.
In terms of performance, the new technology ensures a speed of over 300 km/h, and the innovations determined the optimization of engines in order to allow a necessary speed in safe conditions and less time.
The external elements are very important in order to ensure high speed transport, especially the aero-dynamic shape of trains. “The aero-dynamic design ends in the front end of the train. As the aero-dynamism becomes more accentuated, the train is more efficient. The aero-dynamism, combined with other structural solutions, gives the train a very elegant design”, said Aitor Llorente, Regional Manager of CAF Spanish manufacturer.
“The experience in train design determined the development of several constructive measures, tested in technological simulations, which determined the change of numerous details for the significant improvement in aero-dynamism. This is mostly visible in the section of the roof of intermediary rail cars, which begins at the end of the rail car”, said Siemens officials.
A distinctive element of high speed trains is the body case. The structural solutions that minimize its rigidity, the maximum weight per axle which is lower than in conventional trains, the bogies and bogie frames which optimize the dynamic behaviour of the train imposed new challenges in the development of a new technology which favours the use of natural and slightly recyclable materials, such as light aluminium, steel and copper. For instance, the light aluminium structure and the well-balanced frame weight help reduce energy consumption.
The materials used to create the design of these trains are vital, because they help extend the lifecycle and optimize performance increase. “In order to increase efficiency, the solutions used vary from reduced weight of the vehicles, reduced maintenance for bogies, intelligent wear and tear to optimization of aero-dynamic performances. The design and innovative products contribute significantly to the reduction of energy cosumption, maintenance costs effectiveness and optimization of vehicle reliability”, said Katrin Scharl, PR Manager at Bombardier Transportation GmbH.
by Pamela Luică
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